Jed Herne breaks his solution down into three stages:

• Character arc
• The three Ps
• Theme

Character Arc

There are five aspects to a character arc that Herne addresses:

1. What do they want?
2. What do they need?
3. What is the lie they believe?
4. What is the truth they must come to accept?
5. What is their ghost?

The Three Ps

1. Promise
2. Progress
3. Payoff

Theme

The moral core of your story that characters must either accept or reject. This does not have to be explicit.